{"schemaVersion":1,"id":"7","slug":"mainnet-and-testnet","title":"主网和测试网有什么区别？","description":"主网承载正式运行的链上状态，测试网为协议或应用试验提供独立环境。网络切换不会搬运余额，测试成功也不能保证主网安全。","related":[{"id":"6","title":"Gas 费是什么？","url":"/docs/what-is-gas-fee"},{"id":"9","title":"切换网络后，为什么钱包里的币不见了？","url":"/docs/tokens-missing-after-switching-network"},{"id":"13","title":"新手第一周：从钱包到第一次链上查询","url":"/docs/first-week-wallet-to-explorer"}],"publishedAt":"2026-11-03T16:37:13.265Z","updatedAt":"2026-11-03T16:37:13.442Z","url":"/docs/mainnet-and-testnet","markdownUrl":"/docs/mainnet-and-testnet.md","jsonUrl":"/api/knowledge/7","section":{"id":"1","slug":"basics","title":"基础知识","description":"先分清链、币、钱包与合约等基础概念。"},"categoryPath":[{"id":"1","slug":"basics","title":"基础知识","url":"/section/basics"}],"scope":null,"verification":null,"sources":[{"title":"ethereum.org — Networks","url":"https://ethereum.org/developers/docs/networks/","locator":"[E5] Public networks；Ethereum Mainnet；Ethereum Testnets；Ethereum 网络隔离、试验目的与账户复用风险；不保证具体网络永久可用。核验：2026-11-03","checkedAt":"2026-11-02T16:00:00.000Z"},{"title":"MetaMask — Understanding the Ethereum address format","url":"https://support.metamask.io/more-web3/learn/the-ethereum-address-format-and-why-it-matters-when-using-metamask/","locator":"[M3] Interoperability: use the same address on different networks；普通 EVM 账户地址与网络；非 EVM 不套用。核验：2026-11-03","checkedAt":"2026-11-02T16:00:00.000Z"},{"title":"MetaMask — Why is my balance incorrect or missing a token?","url":"https://support.metamask.io/manage-crypto/tokens/what-to-do-when-your-balance-of-tokens-is-incorrect/","locator":"[M6] 开头排查项；Token not showing at all；Balance is showing but incorrect；MetaMask 对应网络的余额可见性；不采纳先重置或盲目改配置的路线。核验：2026-11-03","checkedAt":"2026-11-02T16:00:00.000Z"}],"links":[{"title":"Gas 费是什么？","url":"/docs/what-is-gas-fee"},{"title":"切换网络后，为什么钱包里的币不见了？","url":"/docs/tokens-missing-after-switching-network"},{"title":"新手第一周：从钱包到第一次链上查询","url":"/docs/first-week-wallet-to-explorer"},{"title":"E5｜ethereum.org — Networks","url":"https://ethereum.org/developers/docs/networks/"},{"title":"M3｜MetaMask — Understanding the Ethereum address format","url":"https://support.metamask.io/more-web3/learn/the-ethereum-address-format-and-why-it-matters-when-using-metamask/"},{"title":"M6｜MetaMask — Why is my balance incorrect or missing a token?","url":"https://support.metamask.io/manage-crypto/tokens/what-to-do-when-your-balance-of-tokens-is-incorrect/"}],"revision":"sha256-1e954ff1a5723fc204be2652ccbfa563235cfe83055c0b14b4bb88e922ff31be","headings":[{"title":"通俗理解","url":"#通俗理解","depth":2},{"title":"核心区别","url":"#核心区别","depth":2},{"title":"具体例子","url":"#具体例子","depth":2},{"title":"测试币与水龙头","url":"#测试币与水龙头","depth":2},{"title":"风险或适用边界","url":"#风险或适用边界","depth":2},{"title":"相关问题与操作指南","url":"#相关问题与操作指南","depth":2},{"title":"参考来源","url":"#参考来源","depth":2}],"content":{"format":"markdown","value":"# 主网和测试网有什么区别？\n\n资源ID：7\n\n内容修订：sha256-1e954ff1a5723fc204be2652ccbfa563235cfe83055c0b14b4bb88e922ff31be\n\n栏目：基础知识\n\n发布时间：2026-11-03T16:37:13.265Z\n\n网页：/docs/mainnet-and-testnet\n\nJSON：/api/knowledge/7\n\n适用范围与核验边界请阅读正文；来源记录不代表实操验证。\n\n\n\n> 主网（Mainnet）承载正式使用的链上状态和有实际价值的资产活动；测试网（Testnet）为协议、应用或操作试验提供独立环境。测试网的余额不会因为切换网络就变成主网资产。[E5]\n\n<a id=\"通俗理解\"></a>\n\n## 通俗理解\n\n可以把它们理解为正式环境和演练环境。它们可能使用相近的软件和操作界面，但读写的是不同账本。这个比喻不表示测试网会完整复制主网的参与者、流动性、安全保障或应用数据。\n\n<a id=\"核心区别\"></a>\n\n## 核心区别\n\n- 比较项：用途；主网：正式运行和真实价值活动；测试网：测试协议、应用及指定功能\n- 比较项：余额与记录；主网：保存在对应正式网络；测试网：保存在对应测试网络，通常独立\n- 比较项：费用资产；主网：使用该网络的真实费用规则；测试网：使用相应测试环境的费用资产及规则\n- 比较项：服务持续性；主网：依网络和服务自身运行情况；测试网：可能重置、升级、停止维护或替换\n\n以太坊官方网络文档明确指出，同一账户可以在不同网络使用，但余额和交易历史不会随切换携带过去。[E5]\n\n<a id=\"具体例子\"></a>\n\n## 具体例子\n\n小林在以太坊主网上有 ETH。打开钱包切换到某个测试网后，可能看到同样格式的地址、余额却为零。这不表示主网 ETH 被删除，只表示当前界面正在查询另一条网络。\n\n反过来，在测试网上领到测试 ETH，也不代表已经获得可在主网花费的 ETH。**网络切换是切换查询和操作环境，跨网络转移则需要另一套实际机制。**[M3][M6]\n\n<a id=\"测试币与水龙头\"></a>\n\n## 测试币与水龙头\n\n测试币主要用于支付试验操作所需费用；水龙头是发放测试币的一类服务。测试币不应被当作主网资产或收益承诺，即使某些稀缺测试币出现非正式交易，也不能据此保证价格或可兑换性。[E5]\n\n不同测试网可能分别服务应用开发、客户端或验证者测试。选择前应回到官方当前网络文档确认用途和维护状态，不沿用旧教程的测试网名称。\n\n<a id=\"风险或适用边界\"></a>\n\n## 风险或适用边界\n\n- **练习使用独立账户与独立恢复材料**，不要把主网资产钱包的助记词导入陌生测试工具。\n- 水龙头只需要的通常是公开地址；遇到索取助记词、私钥或要求先转主网资金的页面，应停止并核对。\n- 测试网签名也要看网络和请求内容；“测试”标签不保证没有恶意网页或设备风险。\n- 测试成功只能说明所测环境与条件，不能证明主网合约安全或所有客户端可用。\n\n<a id=\"相关问题与操作指南\"></a>\n\n## 相关问题与操作指南\n\n- [Gas 费是什么？](/docs/what-is-gas-fee)\n- [切换网络后，为什么钱包里的币不见了？](/docs/tokens-missing-after-switching-network)\n- [新手第一周：从钱包到第一次链上查询](/docs/first-week-wallet-to-explorer)\n\n<a id=\"参考来源\"></a>\n\n## 参考来源\n\n- [E5｜ethereum.org — Networks](https://ethereum.org/developers/docs/networks/)。\n- [M3｜MetaMask — Understanding the Ethereum address format](https://support.metamask.io/more-web3/learn/the-ethereum-address-format-and-why-it-matters-when-using-metamask/)。\n- [M6｜MetaMask — Why is my balance incorrect or missing a token?](https://support.metamask.io/manage-crypto/tokens/what-to-do-when-your-balance-of-tokens-is-incorrect/)。\n\n资料核验：2026-11-03。核验范围为所引文档相关段落。\n\n\n\n## 参考来源\n\n1. ethereum.org — Networks\n   地址：<https://ethereum.org/developers/docs/networks/>\n   对应内容：[E5] Public networks；Ethereum Mainnet；Ethereum Testnets；Ethereum 网络隔离、试验目的与账户复用风险；不保证具体网络永久可用。核验：2026-11-03\n   核对日期：2026-11-03\n\n2. MetaMask — Understanding the Ethereum address format\n   地址：<https://support.metamask.io/more-web3/learn/the-ethereum-address-format-and-why-it-matters-when-using-metamask/>\n   对应内容：[M3] Interoperability: use the same address on different networks；普通 EVM 账户地址与网络；非 EVM 不套用。核验：2026-11-03\n   核对日期：2026-11-03\n\n3. MetaMask — Why is my balance incorrect or missing a token?\n   地址：<https://support.metamask.io/manage-crypto/tokens/what-to-do-when-your-balance-of-tokens-is-incorrect/>\n   对应内容：[M6] 开头排查项；Token not showing at all；Balance is showing but incorrect；MetaMask 对应网络的余额可见性；不采纳先重置或盲目改配置的路线。核验：2026-11-03\n   核对日期：2026-11-03\n\n"}}